1. Technical requirements for bottom and wall masonry
1. 1 Before building the bottom of the furnace, the foundation should be leveled in advance. If necessary, it should be leveled with brick processing on the bottom layer. Before building the bottom of the reverse arch, use the template to identify the base surface of the curved arch; the bottom of the slope furnace should be laid out.
1.2 When building a movable hearth type furnace, the gap between the body of the movable hearth and the relevant parts should be carefully reserved according to the specified size.
1.3 For the slope furnace bottom built with the horizontal brick layer, the working layer can be set back or staggered, and the formed triangular part can be aligned with the unshaped refractory bricks of the corresponding material.
1.4 The bottom of the reverse arch should be built symmetrically from the center to both sides.
1.5 The long side of the uppermost brick of the non-arc furnace bottom and the channel bottom should be perpendicular to the flow direction of the charge, metal, slag or gas, or at an angle.
1.6 The circular furnace wall should be built according to the center line. When the vertical error and radius error of the center line of the furnace shell meet the requirements of the furnace shape, the furnace shell can be used as the guide surface for masonry.
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1.7 The arc wall should be laid out according to the model. During masonry, it should be checked frequently with the template.
1.8 For the furnace wall with draw hooks or hooks, except that the pulled surface of the brick trough is close to the pendant, there should be movable ground between the other sides of the brick trough and the pendant, and must not be stuck.
1.9 The circular furnace wall shall not have three-layer heavy joints or three-ring through joints, and the upper and lower two-layer heavy joints and the through joints of the adjacent two rings shall not be in the same place. The closing bricks of the circular furnace wall should be evenly distributed.
1.10 When laying bricks, a mallet or a rubber hammer should be used for alignment, and an iron hammer should not be used. When the bricklaying is interrupted or the bricks are reworked and demolished, a stepped oblique chasm should be made.
2. Arch and dome masonry technical requirements
2.1 The surface of the arch foot should be flat and the angle should be correct; the method of thickening the brick joint should not be used to level the arch foot; the arch foot brick should be built close to the arch foot beam.
2.2 When there is masonry behind the kiln arch foot brick, the arch or dome can be built only after the masonry is finished. Do not build thermal insulation refractory bricks or diatomite bricks behind the arched bricks (behind the arched bricks of the thermal insulation refractory brick dome , the same material as the thermal insulation can be used
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2.3 Unless there are special regulations, the arch and the dome should be built with staggered joints, and should be built along the longitudinal joints to keep the brick surface straight. The processed bricks of the upper leveling layer of the arch or the dome can be replaced by the refractory castable of the corresponding material.
2.4 Arches and domes with different spans should be built in a ring, and the brick rings of the surrounding arches and domes should be kept flat and vertical. Arches and domes must be built symmetrically from both sides of the arch to the center at the same time. When building, it is strictly forbidden to turn the big and small heads of the arch bricks upside down. The radial seam of the arch and the dome should be consistent with the radial direction. The inner surface of arches and dome s should be flat, and the misalignment of individual bricks should not exceed
2.5 The lock bricks should be symmetrically and evenly distributed according to the center line of the arch and the dome . The number of locked bricks is calculated according to the specified span. The depth of the locked brick arch and the dome should be 2/3 to 3/4 of the brick length, and the depth of the locked brick in the arch and the dome should be the same. When hitting the lock bricks, the lock bricks symmetrical on both sides should be driven evenly at the same time. A mallet should be used for the lock brick, and a wooden block should be used when using a hammer. It is not allowed to use lock bricks with a thickness of more than 1/3 or the long sides to be wedge-shaped, and bricks are not allowed to be chopped on the masonry.
2.6 The hanging bricks should be pre-laid. Hanging bricks with flat roofs should be built from the middle to both sides. A slope should be left at the contact point between the side bricks and the furnace wall; the furnace top should be built from the turning point below to both ends. There shall be no cracks in the main stress-bearing parts of the hanging bricks. After laying clay (or high-alumina) furnace ceiling hanging bricks, heat insulation products should be laid according to the specified parts.
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2.7 The hanging dome should be built in a ring and should be vertical to the longitudinal centerline of the furnace roof. In the brick ring of the magnesia hanging dome , dowels and steel gaskets should be inserted between the bricks, and no omission or more clamping should be allowed. The hanging dome should be locked by ring, and the locking degree of each ring should be the same. After the lock brick is locked, the hanging should be extended immediately.
2.8 Before removing the arch tire with a span of more than 5m, a sign to measure the subsidence of the dome should be set up; after the arch tire is removed, a record of the subsidence should be made. The removal of the arch tire of the dome must be carried out after all the locking bricks are tightened, the grooves at the arch foot are masonry, and the nuts of the frame tie rods are finally tightened.
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