In the glass industry, glass furnaces occupy a very important position. The glass furnace is an indispensable melting device in the glass manufacturing industry. It is a thermal equipment for melting glass batch materials in glass manufacturing. The powder and clinker (cullet) that have been distributed according to the glass composition are melted and clarified at a high temperature in the kiln to form a molten glass that meets the molding requirements. Glass manufacturing has a history of 5,000 years, and the manufacturing method of using wood as fuel to melt glass batches in clay tanks has lasted for a long time. In 1867, the German Siemens brothers built a continuous coal-fired kiln. After 1945, glass melting furnaces developed rapidly.
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Glass melting furnace includes 4 parts: glass melting, heat source supply, waste heat recovery and exhaust gas supply. The structure of the glass melting furnace is quite different due to the different heat sources used. Such as flame furnace, electric furnace and flame-electric furnace has different structures.
Inside the glass melting furnace, the building also has heat transfer, momentum transfer and mass transfer.
1. Heat transfer: including the flame space heat exchange caused by the temperature difference between the flame space and the glass liquid, the heat exchange in the glass liquid, the heat exchange in the regenerator and the heat exchange between the kiln wall and the outside environment.
2.Momentum transfer: incompressible gas flow, compressible gas flow, gas jet flow and glass liquid flow caused by pressure difference.
3.Mass transfer: the gas phase diffusion caused by the difference in gas phase concentration and the liquid phase diffusion caused by the difference in glass liquid concentration during the combustion process.
In recent years, there have been three main driving forces for the change and development of refractories. The first is the demand of glass manufacturers to at least maintain and usually improve the quality of glass, the second is the economic requirements of glass furnaces to make the furnace operation cycle longer, and the third is the impact and impact of the pure oxy-combustion system. Influence. These three requirements usually determine the choice of improved refractory materials when repairing the kiln. These driving forces have also prompted glass manufacturers to choose improved refractory products for furnace maintenance and to adopt new technologies for large-scale maintenance during the operating cycle.
